A single-center retrospective study investigated the effect of a combination of case-based teaching and evidence-based medicine on orthopedic residents in traditional Chinese medicine. The study compared 102 residents divided into traditional and combined groups. The combined group achieved better results in the theoretical and practical exams. She also showed higher scores in critical thinking skills and independent learning. The assessment of teaching quality was higher in the combined group. Findings suggest that a blended learning approach may be more effective in orthopedic residency training. Differences between groups were statistically significant (P < 0.05).