New US cholesterol guidelines emphasize earlier and more personalized heart disease prevention. Cholesterol screening is recommended to start at an earlier age, sometimes as early as childhood. In addition to LDL cholesterol, genetic risk factors such as lipoprotein(a) are also important to monitor. A more advanced risk calculator that takes into account a wider range of health data is used to predict the risk of heart attack and stroke. The aim is to more accurately estimate the long-term risk of cardiovascular diseases.