The study compared high-flow oxygen (HFNC) with standard oxygen in 711 patients with acute hypoxemic respiratory failure in a multicenter randomized trial.[1][3] Patients were assigned to HFNC (n=357) or standard oxygen via mask (n=354) with a minimum flow of 10 L/min.[1] The primary endpoint was mortality by day 28, secondary endpoints were intubation, days without ventilation, and length of stay in the ICU.[1] Mortality by day 28 did not differ between groups.[1][2] The rate of intubation by day 28 was lower in the HFNC group (45%, 160/357 patients) versus the standard group (53%, 186/354 patients; absolute difference -7.7% [95% CI -14.9 to -0.4%]; P=0.04).[1][3] HFNC was delivered at a mean of 51 L/min with an FiO2 of 0.68 and lasted a median of 4 days (IQR 2–6); 55% of non-intubated patients were successfully transitioned to standard oxygen within 5 days.[1] HFNC was terminated at SpO2 ≥92%, respiratory rate ≤25/min, and FiO2 ≤40%.[1]