The new 2025–2030 US Dietary Guidelines issued by the Department of Health and Agriculture emphasize eating "real food" and prioritize high-quality protein, healthy fats, fruits, vegetables, and whole grains, while recommending avoidance of highly processed foods and refined carbohydrates[1][2]. The guidelines recommend consuming 1.2 to 1.6 grams of protein per kilogram of body weight per day and three servings of dairy products per day, with a preference for whole milk products with no added sugar[1][2]. The recommended amount of vegetables is three portions a day and two portions of fruit a day, with preference given to fresh, frozen or canned varieties without added sugar[1][2]. The guidelines recommend limiting added sugar to no more than 10 grams per meal and saturated fat to no more than 10 percent of daily caloric intake[1][4]. However, the new guidelines contain contradictions, as they emphasize butter, beef fat and red meat, which are rich in saturated fat, which contradicts the recommendation to limit saturated fat[3][4]. Experts at the Harvard School of Public Health have expressed concern that mixed messages about foods rich in saturated fat may lead to confusion and potentially higher saturated fat intake and increased risk of cardiovascular disease[4].