The study assessed the impact of comprehensive bedside skills training on the teaching and training of clinical nurses in the operating room. One hundred and thirty nurses who entered the hospital between January 2019 and December 2021 were randomly assigned to a control group with problem-based learning (PBL) and an observation group with comprehensive bedside training. The training effect, key competencies, self-understanding and satisfaction with teaching were compared. After training, nurses in the observation group scored significantly higher in training (p < 0.05), core competence (p < 0.05), self-understanding (p < 0.05), skills (p < 0.05), and nursing (p < 0.001). Comprehensive bedside training effectively supports the basic skills and training outcomes of new nurses. It improves their complex abilities and nursing skills.