Researchers at Tel Aviv University have discovered a new biological mechanism that increases myelin production in the brain and peripheral nervous system.[1] Myelin is a substance necessary for proper brain function and nerve communication.[1] The Tfii-i protein acts as a biological brake that inhibits the formation of myelin in myelinating cells.[1] In the absence of Tfii-i cells produced higher amounts of myelin proteins, resulting in abnormally thick myelin sheaths.[1] These changes speeded up the conduction of electrical signals along nerve axons.[1] In mice, it improved motor skills, including better coordination and mobility, as well as other behavioral benefits.[1] The findings may serve as a basis for the development of Tfii-i-suppressing therapies for myelin-damaging diseases such as multiple sclerosis, Alzheimer's disease, Williams syndrome, and autism spectrum disorders.[1]