The study examined the relationship between impaired binocular visual function (the ability of both eyes to work in coordination) and the progression of myopia in 949 children with a mean age of 10.96 years over a 9-month period. Children were divided into three groups according to the results of binocular vision tests: with normal function, unstable function and dysfunction. The results showed that impairment of binocular visual function is an independent risk factor for rapid growth of the axial length of the eye (distance from the front of the eye to the retina). The annualized growth rate of axial length was 0.184 mm/year in the normal group, 0.226 mm/year in the unstable group, and 0.521 mm/year in the dysfunction group. All group differences were statistically significant. The authors of the conclusion recommend including the screening of binocular visual function in routine eye examinations in school-age children in order to identify in time individuals with a high risk of rapid progression of myopia.